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Technology is transforming the way we are interacting, communicating and collaborating. Our students are consumers, distributors, remixers, and creators of content from and to the Internet.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays such an important role in education today that it is highlighted as a General Capability in the Australian Curriculum.
The organising elements of this capability are: ‘Applying social and ethical protocols and practices when using ICT, Investigating with ICT, Creating with ICT, Communicating with ICT and Managing and operating ICT’ (ACARA 2016).
Reasons to integrate ICT and Web 2.0 in the Curriculum
The integration of ICT into the curriculum requires careful planning so that programs are designed to provide authentic learning experiences (Gurung & Rutledge 2014). ICT should not be included as ‘technlology for technology’s sake’ (Borsheim, Merritt & Reed, 2008). Rather, ICT learning experiences should: be inquiry-based, include collaborative practices, explore real world issues and promote deeper learning (ISTE 2008; Moyle 2010; Partnership for 21st Century Skills 2011). One framework that has been designed to help teachers design meaningful learning experiences with technology is the SAMR model (Braxton 2016; Kharbach 2015; Puentedura 2014). SAMR has four enhancement levels: Substitution, Augmentation, Modification and Redefinition. When aligned with Bloom’s taxonomy, the lower enhancement levels of Substitution and Augmentation equate with Bloom’s Remember, Understand and Apply lower order thinking skills. The higher enhancement levels of SAMR’s Modification and Redefinition equate with Bloom’s higher order thinking levels of Analyse, Evaluate and Create (Puentedura 2014). To illustrate, an example of a Substitution level might be substituting a physical textbook with an ebook. An example of a Redefinition level, on the other hand, might be an activity where students connect online with another class to collaboratively write a narrative that is then created into a stop-motion animation (Kharbach 2015; Puentedura 2014).
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays such an important role in education today that it is highlighted as a General Capability in the Australian Curriculum.
The organising elements of this capability are: ‘Applying social and ethical protocols and practices when using ICT, Investigating with ICT, Creating with ICT, Communicating with ICT and Managing and operating ICT’ (ACARA 2016).
Reasons to integrate ICT and Web 2.0 in the Curriculum
- Audience - An authentic audience provides a sense of purpose for the students.
- Relevance - ICT and Web 2.0 embedded in teaching and learning programs increases relevance to this generation of young learners.
- Critical and Creative Thinking - Creativity is at the heart of ICT and many of its vast array of tools. Likewise, Web 2.0 tools can motivate students to learn while developing critical thinking skills necessary for competing in today’s global economy.
- Appropriate Conduct - As our students relate to each other digitally they need to be guided in developing appropriate communication skills.
- Global Citizenship - Most of our schools and homes now have the infrastructure to support ongoing communication and relationships with people beyond our borders. Being able to communicate effectively between cultures has never been so important.
- Improved Teaching Skills - Research shows that access to online social networking tools had a direct impact on educators teaching abilities and skills.
- Learning Gains - Research shows that along with quality teaching programs and educators, access to ICT and Web 2.0 tools through social networks has a positive impact on the learning outcomes of their students.
- Assessment, Discussion and Reflection - ICT and Web 2.0 tools can be implemented for formative and summative assessment, online discussion forums and for students to reflect on the learning.
- Opportunities to Collaborate - ICT and Web 2.0 environments provide opportunities for students and teachers to collaborate easily and effectively. Important peer review skills can learned as students have easy access to each others' work.
- Transparency and Openness - Just as students are able to effectively collaborate with ease using these tools, so can teachers collaborate with other teachers to share best practices and become even more effective educators.
The integration of ICT into the curriculum requires careful planning so that programs are designed to provide authentic learning experiences (Gurung & Rutledge 2014). ICT should not be included as ‘technlology for technology’s sake’ (Borsheim, Merritt & Reed, 2008). Rather, ICT learning experiences should: be inquiry-based, include collaborative practices, explore real world issues and promote deeper learning (ISTE 2008; Moyle 2010; Partnership for 21st Century Skills 2011). One framework that has been designed to help teachers design meaningful learning experiences with technology is the SAMR model (Braxton 2016; Kharbach 2015; Puentedura 2014). SAMR has four enhancement levels: Substitution, Augmentation, Modification and Redefinition. When aligned with Bloom’s taxonomy, the lower enhancement levels of Substitution and Augmentation equate with Bloom’s Remember, Understand and Apply lower order thinking skills. The higher enhancement levels of SAMR’s Modification and Redefinition equate with Bloom’s higher order thinking levels of Analyse, Evaluate and Create (Puentedura 2014). To illustrate, an example of a Substitution level might be substituting a physical textbook with an ebook. An example of a Redefinition level, on the other hand, might be an activity where students connect online with another class to collaboratively write a narrative that is then created into a stop-motion animation (Kharbach 2015; Puentedura 2014).
(Watanabe-Crocket 2018)
The S.A.M.R. Model
Watch - What is the SAMR Model?
Watch - Ruben Puentedura explains how to apply the SAMR model
NSW Department of Education employees are able to access the Learning Tools Selector.
This tool helps educators determine the best software and apps to suit their teaching and learning purpose.
This tool helps educators determine the best software and apps to suit their teaching and learning purpose.
Recommended reading
25 Great Online Education Tools Modern Teachers Love Using
60+ Free Edtech Tools for 4-Core and More
The 101 Hottest EdTech Tools According to Education Experts (Updated For 2020)
Comparing 5 Online Collaboration Tools for Education
Beyond the 4Cs: Empowering Youth in the 21st-Century
Simple Ideas for Hybrid Classroom
Adapting the 5e teaching model to remote classrooms
7 Tips on how to adapt teacher-student rapport while teaching online
Strategies for Fostering a Productive Distance Learning Experience
Finding Focus: Creating Collaborative Learning Spaces
6 Apps and tools that integrate with Google Classroom
How do I personalise my Google Classroom homepage?
4 of the Best Social Media Teaching Tips for Educators
25 Great Online Education Tools Modern Teachers Love Using
60+ Free Edtech Tools for 4-Core and More
The 101 Hottest EdTech Tools According to Education Experts (Updated For 2020)
Comparing 5 Online Collaboration Tools for Education
Beyond the 4Cs: Empowering Youth in the 21st-Century
Simple Ideas for Hybrid Classroom
Adapting the 5e teaching model to remote classrooms
7 Tips on how to adapt teacher-student rapport while teaching online
Strategies for Fostering a Productive Distance Learning Experience
Finding Focus: Creating Collaborative Learning Spaces
6 Apps and tools that integrate with Google Classroom
How do I personalise my Google Classroom homepage?
4 of the Best Social Media Teaching Tips for Educators
Best Online Collaboration Tools:
Debroy, A. (2018). 5 Ways Teachers Can Stay Current With Developments in Pedagogy. EdTechReview. Available at: http://edtechreview.in/trends-insights/insights/3362-ways-teachers-can-stay-current-with-developments-in-pedagogy.
Global Digital Citizenship Team. (2018). 50 Online Teaching Tools You’ve Got to Try Out. Retrieved from https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/big-list-50-must-try-teaching-tools
Lynch, M. (2017). 7 Must Have Student-Collaboration Apps, Tools, and Resources. The Tech Edvocate. Retrieved from http://www.thetechedvocate.org/7-must-student-collaboration-apps-tools-resources/
Lynch, M. (2018). Google Classroom Tip #18: How to facilitate collaboration. The Tech Edvocate. Retrieved from https://www.thetechedvocate.org/google-classroom-tip-18-how-to-facilitate-collaboration/
Eztalks. (2018). Comparing 5 Online Collaboration Tools for Education. Eztalks. Retrieved from
https://www.eztalks.com/unified-communications/comparing-5-online-collaboration-tools-for-education.html
Matt, J. (2018). The 90 Hottest EdTech Tools According to Education Experts (Updated For 2018). Tutoful. Retrieved from: https://tutorful.co.uk/blog/the-82-hottest-edtech-tools-of-2017-according-to-education-experts
Getting Smart. (2017). 10 EdTech Tools for Encouraging Classroom Collaboration. Getting Smart. Retrieved from: http://www.gettingsmart.com/2017/01/10-edtech-tools-classroom-collaboration/
Best Educational Web 2.0 Tools:
Australian Government Department of Education and Training. (2017). Digital Technologies Hub. Retrieved from
www.digitaltechnologieshub.edu.au/
Chauhan, A. (2018). 11 Digital Education Tools For Teachers And Students. eLearning Industry. Available at: https://elearningindustry.com/digital-education-tools-teachers-students.
Debroy, A. (2018). Minecraft Code Builder - An Ace Tool to Help Kids Dive into Coding. EdTechReview. Available at: http://edtechreview.in/reviews/3175-minecraft-code-builder-to-help-kids-dive-into-coding.
Debroy, A. (2018). Top EdTech Trends That Look Promising For 2019. EdTechReview. Available at: http://edtechreview.in/trends-insights/trends/3412-top-edtech-trends-that-look-promising-for-2019.
Ferlazzo, L. (2018). The 56 Best Web 2.0 Applications For Education In 2018. Larry Ferlazzo's Websites of the Day. Available at: http://larryferlazzo.edublogs.org/2018/10/14/the-56-best-web-2-0-applications-for-education-in-2018/.
Ferlazzo, L. (2017). The 50 Best Web 2.0 Applications For Education In 2017. Larry Ferlazzo's Websites of the Day. Available at: http://larryferlazzo.edublogs.org/2017/10/14/the-50-best-web-2-0-applications-for-education-in-2017/.
Gupta, P. (2016). 100 Popular (from 2015) Web 2.0 Tools for Teachers and Educators to Explore. EdTechReview. Retrieved from http://edtechreview.in/research/2256-web-2-0-tools-for-teachers-educators
NSW DoE. (2018). Digital Resources. NSW Department of Education. Retrieved from education.nsw.gov.au/teaching-and-learning/curriculum/learning-for-the-future/learning-with-technology/digital-resources
NSW DoE. (2018). Learning with Technology. NSW Department of Education. https://education.nsw.gov.au/teaching-and-learning/curriculum/learning-for-the-future/learning-with-technology
NESA. (2017). Digital Literacy Skills and Learning Report. NSW Education Standards Authority. Retrieved from
https://educationstandards.nsw.edu.au/wps/wcm/connect/2de46e4e-0783-4d6e-a220-ad1e088795ac/Digital+Skills+and+Learning+Report.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID
Open Education Data Base (2018). 101 Web 2.0 Teaching Tools, OEDB.org. Available at: https://oedb.org/ilibrarian/101-web-20-teaching-tools/
Pappas, C. (2018). 321 Free Tools for Teachers - Free Educational Technology. eLearning Industry. Available at: https://elearningindustry.com/321-free-tools-for-teachers-free-educational-technology.
Schrock, K. (2018). Kathy Schrock's Guide to Everything. Retrieved from http://www.schrockguide.net/
Shearing, L. (2018). Cool Tools for Schools. Available at: https://cooltoolsforschool.net/
Watanabe-Crockett, L. (2018). 25 Great Online Education Tools Modern Teachers Love Using. Global Digital Citizen Foundation. Available at: https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/25-great-education-tools.
Watanabe-Crockett, L. (2018). 3 Simple and Smart EdTech Strategies for Teaching With Technology. Global Digital Citizen Foundation. Available at: https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/3-smart-edtech-strategies
Watanabe-Crockett, L. (2018). How Teachers Can Easily Keep Up with Technology Trends. Global Digital Citizen Foundation. Available at: https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/teachers-technology-trends.
Webtools4u2use,. (2016). WebTools4u2use - Keeping Up with New Tools. Webtools4u2use. Retrieved from http://webtools4u2use.wikispaces.com/Keeping+Up+with+New+Tools
Debroy, A. (2018). 5 Ways Teachers Can Stay Current With Developments in Pedagogy. EdTechReview. Available at: http://edtechreview.in/trends-insights/insights/3362-ways-teachers-can-stay-current-with-developments-in-pedagogy.
Global Digital Citizenship Team. (2018). 50 Online Teaching Tools You’ve Got to Try Out. Retrieved from https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/big-list-50-must-try-teaching-tools
Lynch, M. (2017). 7 Must Have Student-Collaboration Apps, Tools, and Resources. The Tech Edvocate. Retrieved from http://www.thetechedvocate.org/7-must-student-collaboration-apps-tools-resources/
Lynch, M. (2018). Google Classroom Tip #18: How to facilitate collaboration. The Tech Edvocate. Retrieved from https://www.thetechedvocate.org/google-classroom-tip-18-how-to-facilitate-collaboration/
Eztalks. (2018). Comparing 5 Online Collaboration Tools for Education. Eztalks. Retrieved from
https://www.eztalks.com/unified-communications/comparing-5-online-collaboration-tools-for-education.html
Matt, J. (2018). The 90 Hottest EdTech Tools According to Education Experts (Updated For 2018). Tutoful. Retrieved from: https://tutorful.co.uk/blog/the-82-hottest-edtech-tools-of-2017-according-to-education-experts
Getting Smart. (2017). 10 EdTech Tools for Encouraging Classroom Collaboration. Getting Smart. Retrieved from: http://www.gettingsmart.com/2017/01/10-edtech-tools-classroom-collaboration/
Best Educational Web 2.0 Tools:
Australian Government Department of Education and Training. (2017). Digital Technologies Hub. Retrieved from
www.digitaltechnologieshub.edu.au/
Chauhan, A. (2018). 11 Digital Education Tools For Teachers And Students. eLearning Industry. Available at: https://elearningindustry.com/digital-education-tools-teachers-students.
Debroy, A. (2018). Minecraft Code Builder - An Ace Tool to Help Kids Dive into Coding. EdTechReview. Available at: http://edtechreview.in/reviews/3175-minecraft-code-builder-to-help-kids-dive-into-coding.
Debroy, A. (2018). Top EdTech Trends That Look Promising For 2019. EdTechReview. Available at: http://edtechreview.in/trends-insights/trends/3412-top-edtech-trends-that-look-promising-for-2019.
Ferlazzo, L. (2018). The 56 Best Web 2.0 Applications For Education In 2018. Larry Ferlazzo's Websites of the Day. Available at: http://larryferlazzo.edublogs.org/2018/10/14/the-56-best-web-2-0-applications-for-education-in-2018/.
Ferlazzo, L. (2017). The 50 Best Web 2.0 Applications For Education In 2017. Larry Ferlazzo's Websites of the Day. Available at: http://larryferlazzo.edublogs.org/2017/10/14/the-50-best-web-2-0-applications-for-education-in-2017/.
Gupta, P. (2016). 100 Popular (from 2015) Web 2.0 Tools for Teachers and Educators to Explore. EdTechReview. Retrieved from http://edtechreview.in/research/2256-web-2-0-tools-for-teachers-educators
NSW DoE. (2018). Digital Resources. NSW Department of Education. Retrieved from education.nsw.gov.au/teaching-and-learning/curriculum/learning-for-the-future/learning-with-technology/digital-resources
NSW DoE. (2018). Learning with Technology. NSW Department of Education. https://education.nsw.gov.au/teaching-and-learning/curriculum/learning-for-the-future/learning-with-technology
NESA. (2017). Digital Literacy Skills and Learning Report. NSW Education Standards Authority. Retrieved from
https://educationstandards.nsw.edu.au/wps/wcm/connect/2de46e4e-0783-4d6e-a220-ad1e088795ac/Digital+Skills+and+Learning+Report.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID
Open Education Data Base (2018). 101 Web 2.0 Teaching Tools, OEDB.org. Available at: https://oedb.org/ilibrarian/101-web-20-teaching-tools/
Pappas, C. (2018). 321 Free Tools for Teachers - Free Educational Technology. eLearning Industry. Available at: https://elearningindustry.com/321-free-tools-for-teachers-free-educational-technology.
Schrock, K. (2018). Kathy Schrock's Guide to Everything. Retrieved from http://www.schrockguide.net/
Shearing, L. (2018). Cool Tools for Schools. Available at: https://cooltoolsforschool.net/
Watanabe-Crockett, L. (2018). 25 Great Online Education Tools Modern Teachers Love Using. Global Digital Citizen Foundation. Available at: https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/25-great-education-tools.
Watanabe-Crockett, L. (2018). 3 Simple and Smart EdTech Strategies for Teaching With Technology. Global Digital Citizen Foundation. Available at: https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/3-smart-edtech-strategies
Watanabe-Crockett, L. (2018). How Teachers Can Easily Keep Up with Technology Trends. Global Digital Citizen Foundation. Available at: https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/teachers-technology-trends.
Webtools4u2use,. (2016). WebTools4u2use - Keeping Up with New Tools. Webtools4u2use. Retrieved from http://webtools4u2use.wikispaces.com/Keeping+Up+with+New+Tools
References
ACARA. (2016). Information and communication technology (ICT) capability. Australian Curriculum v 8.3. Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority Retrieved from: http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/GeneralCapabilities/information-and-communication-technology-capability/introduction/introduction
Borsheim, C., Merritt, K. & Reed, D. (2008). Beyond Technology for Technology’s Sake: Advancing Multiliteracies in the Twenty-First Century. Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 82(2), 87-90.
Braxton, B. (2016). The technology hat. 500 Hats: The Teacher Librarian in the 21st Century. Retrieved from http://500hats.edublogs.org/2016/01/29/the-technology-hat/
Common Sense Education (2016). What Is the SAMR Model?. YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PL8TjVyuBdsCmZeSjU-l4qCpX11XENxsRi&v=9b5yvgKQdqE.
Common Sense Education (2016). How to Apply the SAMR Model with Ruben Puentedura. YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQTx2UQQvbU&list=PL8TjVyuBdsCmZeSjU-l4qCpX11XENxsRi&index=2.
Gurung, B. & Rutledge, D. (2014). Digital learners and the overlapping of their personal and educational digital engagement. Computers & Education, 77, 91-100
ISTE. (2008). NETS: The standards for learning, leading and teaching in the digital age. International Society for Technology in Education. Retrieved, from http://www.iste.org/standards
Kharbach, M. (2015). SAMR Model Explained for Teachers. Educational Technology and Mobile Learning. Retrieved from http://www.educatorstechnology.com/2013/06/samr-model-explained-for-teachers.html
Moyle, K. (2010). Building innovation: learning with technologies. Victoria: ACER.
Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2011). Appendix: P21 Framework Definitions. P21 Common Core Toolkit: A Guide to Aligning the Common Core State Standards with the Framework for 21st Century Skills, 35-43. Retrieved from http://www.p21.org/storage/documents/P21CommonCoreToolkit.pdf
Puentedura, R. (2014). SAMR and Bloom’s Taxonomy: Assembling the Puzzle. Common Sense Education. Retrieved from https://www.commonsense.org/education/blog/samr-and-blooms-taxonomy-assembling-the-puzzle
Star Time Studios (2017). Integrating technology into your classroom with the SAMR model. StarTime Studios. Available at: https://startime.com.au/2018/03/07/integrating-technology-classroom-samr-model/.
Walsh, K. (2018). 8 Examples of Transforming Lessons Through the SAMR Cycle. Emergingedtech.com. Available at: https://www.emergingedtech.com/2015/04/examples-of-transforming-lessons-through-samr/.
ACARA. (2016). Information and communication technology (ICT) capability. Australian Curriculum v 8.3. Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority Retrieved from: http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/GeneralCapabilities/information-and-communication-technology-capability/introduction/introduction
Borsheim, C., Merritt, K. & Reed, D. (2008). Beyond Technology for Technology’s Sake: Advancing Multiliteracies in the Twenty-First Century. Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 82(2), 87-90.
Braxton, B. (2016). The technology hat. 500 Hats: The Teacher Librarian in the 21st Century. Retrieved from http://500hats.edublogs.org/2016/01/29/the-technology-hat/
Common Sense Education (2016). What Is the SAMR Model?. YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PL8TjVyuBdsCmZeSjU-l4qCpX11XENxsRi&v=9b5yvgKQdqE.
Common Sense Education (2016). How to Apply the SAMR Model with Ruben Puentedura. YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQTx2UQQvbU&list=PL8TjVyuBdsCmZeSjU-l4qCpX11XENxsRi&index=2.
Gurung, B. & Rutledge, D. (2014). Digital learners and the overlapping of their personal and educational digital engagement. Computers & Education, 77, 91-100
ISTE. (2008). NETS: The standards for learning, leading and teaching in the digital age. International Society for Technology in Education. Retrieved, from http://www.iste.org/standards
Kharbach, M. (2015). SAMR Model Explained for Teachers. Educational Technology and Mobile Learning. Retrieved from http://www.educatorstechnology.com/2013/06/samr-model-explained-for-teachers.html
Moyle, K. (2010). Building innovation: learning with technologies. Victoria: ACER.
Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2011). Appendix: P21 Framework Definitions. P21 Common Core Toolkit: A Guide to Aligning the Common Core State Standards with the Framework for 21st Century Skills, 35-43. Retrieved from http://www.p21.org/storage/documents/P21CommonCoreToolkit.pdf
Puentedura, R. (2014). SAMR and Bloom’s Taxonomy: Assembling the Puzzle. Common Sense Education. Retrieved from https://www.commonsense.org/education/blog/samr-and-blooms-taxonomy-assembling-the-puzzle
Star Time Studios (2017). Integrating technology into your classroom with the SAMR model. StarTime Studios. Available at: https://startime.com.au/2018/03/07/integrating-technology-classroom-samr-model/.
Walsh, K. (2018). 8 Examples of Transforming Lessons Through the SAMR Cycle. Emergingedtech.com. Available at: https://www.emergingedtech.com/2015/04/examples-of-transforming-lessons-through-samr/.
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